Three Examples of the Prophet

Throughout the pilgrimage period (3)

According pilgrimage
By H. IRFAN Anshori

COMPATIBLE with Hudaibiyah Agreement, the Messenger of Allah. and his companions were only three days in Mecca, and then returned to Medina. However, the activities of Muslims in Mecca deep impression to the people of Quraysh. Three prominent Quraish, namely Khalid ibn Walid, 'Amr ibn Ash, and Uthman ibn Talha, up to Medina to say Shahaadatayn. Later, during the reign of Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab (634-644), Khalid ibn Walid led the Islamic forces liberate Palestine and Syria, and Amr ibn Ash freeing Egypt from Roman rule. As for 'Uthman ibn Talha and his descendants later entrusted by the Apostle to hold the key to the Ka'ba. To this day, although the master and maintain the shrine after another until now the Saudi dynasty, the shrine remains a key held by the descendants of Uthman ibn Talha from Bani Abi Shaybah.

A few months after the Messenger of Allah. berumrah, the Quraysh violated that truce agreement on 20 Ramadan 8 Hijri (January 11, 630) the Messenger of Allah. along with ten thousand troops conquered Mecca without bloodshed. In fact, the Prophet. provide a general amnesty to the citizens of Mecca who formerly hostile Muslims. He tatsriba `alaykumu l-yaum. L-lahu Yaghfiru lakum arhamu wa huwa r-rahimin (There is no revenge for you today. May God forgive you and He is Most Merciful of the merciful), so the word of the Prophet. quotes a saying of the Prophet Joseph a.s. stated in the Letter of Joseph 92. As a result, all the Quraysh to Islam. Descend of An-Nasr: "When comes the help of Allah and victory, you see people go to Allah's religion in droves. Purify and praise your Lord and ask forgiveness of Him. Verily, He is Recipient Repentance". After receiving this verse, Allah in ruku and prostrate themselves in prayer uttered Subhanaka llahumma rabbana wa bi hamdika, ghfirli Allah (Glory to Thee, O God, and praise be yours. O Allah, forgive me).

With the fall of Makkah into the hands of Muslims, the Prophet. immediately ordered the destruction of the idols around the Ka'ba and the pilgrimage to clean the elements of idolatry and return to the Shari'a of the original Prophet Abraham. In the year 8 Hijri that the Messenger of Allah. perform umrah twice, namely when the conquest of Mecca and when he came home from war Hunayn. Coupled with the previous year means the umrah Prophet. could perform umrah three times, before he worked 10 years old pilgrimage Hijri.

In the month of Dhul-Hijjah 9 Hijri (March 631), the Messenger of Allah. sent Abu Bakr Siddiq friend to lead the pilgrimage. Prophet himself did not participate because he was busy in facing Tabuk War against the Roman army. Abu Bakr Siddiq received orders to announce the decree of Allah, according to the word of God in At-Tauba 28 which was received by the Prophet that starting next year mushrikeen banned near Masjid al-Haram and perform the pilgrimage because they are not believers in the teachings of Abraham

In the year 10 Hijri (632 AD) has joined Arabian peninsula under the authority of the Prophet Muhammad. based in Medina, and the entire population had converted to Islam. So in the month of Shawwaal Prophet. announced that he himself would lead the pilgrimage that year. This news was warmly welcomed by all the people from all over because they are a chance to accompany the Prophet and he watched every step in doing Manasik (ordinances) pilgrimage.

Messenger of Allah. departs from Medina after the Friday Prayer on 25 zulkaidah (February 21) rode his camel named al-Qashwa ', with approximately 30,000 followed by the congregation. All the participating wives and his daughter who was still alive, Fatima. Arriving at the Dzulhulaifah that only a dozen miles from Medina, the Prophet and his entourage stopped to rest and prepare for pilgrimage. Here Abu Bakr Siddiq's wife, Asma ', gave birth to a son who was given the name Muhammad and Abu Bakr returned to Medina intended. However, the Prophet said that Asma enough purification bath, wearing neat bandage, and can perform all Manasik pilgrimage. Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr, who was born in Dzulhulaifah it later became governor of Egypt at the time of Caliph Ali ibn Abi Talib (656-661).

The next day, Saturday 26 zulkaidah (February 22), when all was ready for Ihram, the Prophet. up the camel back, and with the whole congregation saying: Hajjan Allahumma Labbaik (Here I am, O God, for the pilgrimage). No one is going to umrah because according to tradition was umrah only be outside the pilgrimage season. Three ways Hajj (Tamattu `, Ifrad, Qiran) as we know it's only applied to the Prophet in Makkah next eight days. The delegation to Mecca to say talbiyah endless. On the day of Dhul-Hijjah 3 Saturday (February 29), the Apostle and his entourage arrived at Sarif, 15 kilometers north of Mecca, and then rested. Aisha, the wife of the Prophet, the arrival of menstrual period so that he cried for fear that can not perform Hajj. Messenger of Allah. comfort her, "Verily a period that the provisions of God to the daughters of Adam. Quickly showered and you can do all Manasik hajj, except thawaf until you holy."

On Sunday 4 Dhul-Hijjah (March 1) morning, the Prophet and his entourage entered the city of Mecca. There are tens of thousands of people waiting to come from various directions, and estimated total pilgrims reach more than 100,000 people. Prophet entered the Mosque of al-Haram through the Banu Abi Shaybah gate at the side of Zamzam pond behind Maqam Ibrahim. Banu Abi Shaybah gate was later popularly known as Babu s-Salam ( 'Door of Peace'). Necessary to explain that which is called Masjid al-Haram court time was a place of prayer and shrine tawaf (literally, the mosque means the bow), while building a new mosque was initiated at the time of Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab (634-644) and having an extension of time to age and eventually grand like now.

It should also be explained that the Prophet never ordered to enter the mosque from the gate of Banu Abi Shaybah or s-Salam Babu. He entered the door because it came from the north! Prophet entered the gate that no longer exist. When in 1957 al-Haram Mosque extended to place sa `i, including Safa and Marwa to the mosque, the Saudi Arabian government made a lot of doors. Two doors of which are named Banu Abi Shaybah Doors and Door Babu s-Salam. Today many pilgrims tried to enter Masjid al-Haram from door-Salam Babu s "made in Arabia" is the assumption implement the Sunna of the Prophet!

At the beginning of each round tawaf, disunahkan pilgrims to pay their respects (istilam) to the Black Stone in the southeast corner of the Ka'ba. Messenger of Allah. gives four ways that istilam. When umrah first time in 7 Hijri, he kissed the Black Stone. When the conquest of Mecca, he touched the tip of the stick to the Black Stone of the camel. When he returned from umrah during Hunayn, Black Stone, he wiped his right hand. When he was 10 years old pilgrim Hijri, he just waved from a distance to the Black Stone. This last way is very practical and probably the most ritually pure. However, in reality many of pilgrims now bersikut-dig to kiss the Black Stone. Just out of curiosity, he would have done the forbidden (to hurt another congregation) to pursue the sunnah!

Messenger of Allah. do tawaf seven rounds. Umm Salamah, one of his wives, because bertawaf with ditandu sick. Every Yemeni Corner Prophet passed just wipe it with his hand. Between the Yemeni Corner and the Black Stone, he recites the most popular: Rabbana atina fi d-dunya hasanah wa fi l-wa akhirati hasanah adzaba Qina `n-nar (Our Lord, grant us happiness in the world and happiness in the Hereafter and save us from punishment of hell). After the completion of seven rounds, he prayed two cycles behind Maqam Ibrahim, and then went to the lake of Zamzam. He drank Zamzam water and soaking his head.

After that the Messenger of Allah. toward the hills Safa to start sa `i. He climbed the hill, then faced the Ka'ba, bertakbir three times and pray. Then he descended into the valley towards Marwah with jogging between Aqeel Masil and Temple. (Now the Temple Aqeel Masil and marked with green lights. For the record, the distance from Safa to Masil 100 meters, from the Temple Aqeel Masil to 80 meters, and from the Temple Marwah Aqeel to 240 meters.) Reaching the Prophet Marwah. do what he did at Safa. So back and forth seven times.

After completion sa `i, the Messenger of Allah. at Marwah something surprising instruct the Companions as unprecedented: he ordered all the friends who do not carry hadyu (qurban animals) to turn intentions into Umrah Hajj, Umrah but so far only done outside the pilgrimage season. With the intention to change the umrah, the majority of pilgrims who are not able to bring hadyu-tahallul (free from Ihram restrictions) and the new Ihram again for Hajj on 8th Dhul-Hijjah. Because they do not carry hadyu from home, certainly in Nahar Day (10 Dhul-Hijjah) or Tasyriq Days (11-13 Dhul-Hijjah) they have to buy animals to be hadyu. This is what eventually became known as the Hajj Tamattu `, meaning 'having fun' because of Ihram only a few days.

At first the friends hesitated Prophet orders because such Manasik (Umrah in the pilgrimage season) has never existed, let alone the Prophet himself was not to tahallul. Seeing the hesitation of the Companions, the Messenger of Allah. He said, "Had I not brought hadyu, I too will change into hajiku umrah. But I've faced my problem (with hadyu) and can not back out of it so I will not until I bertahallul my hadyu slaughtered." There is also a curious friend asked, "Tahallul for anything, O Messenger of Allah?" "Tahallul for everything!" replied the Prophet.

Then the Messenger of Allah. asserted, "has been entered into the Umrah pilgrimage for ever." That is, umrah can be done in the pilgrimage season, and even become an inseparable part of the pilgrimage! Confirmation hearing Prophet, the Companions who did not carry mostly hadyu to tahallul mass. Only the Messenger of Allah. and a small friend who kept Ihram (not to tahallul) because they bring hadyu.

Since then start three ways known pilgrimage. First, Haji Tamattu `or" have fun "(Umrah first, then Hajj) for those who do not carry hadyu. Second, Haji Ifrad or "independent" (pilgrimage first and Umrah) to Mecca residents who brought hadyu. Third, Haji Qiran or "joint" (Hajj and Umrah directly combined) for non-residents who bring hadyu Mecca. It is this last way, which Qiran Hajj, the Prophet do. in his pilgrimage. This is inferred from the fact that he brought hadyu and pilgrims after he no longer perform umrah separately until he returned to Medina on 14 Dhul-Hijjah.

Actually I `Tamattu Hajj Prophet is not innovation., But was ordered by God as a relief for his people, through the revelation that descended when the Prophet and his party stuck in the previous four years Hudaibiyah (6 Hijri), but only at 10 years old pilgrimage Hijriah Messenger opportunity to apply its implementation. Paragraph tamattu command `is now listed in Al-Baqarah 196: tamatta` a bi `l-l-ila umrati hajj (have fun with the hajj umrah) to those who are not residents of Mecca, li man in yakun ahluhu hadhiri l-masjidi l-haram (for those whose families are not in the vicinity of Masjid al-Haram).

When the Prophet and his entourage departed from Dzulhulaifah, all intended to pilgrims and no one is going to umrah though most do not carry hadyu. As presented by Aisha, wife of the Prophet, later recorded in the hadiths (the news about the traditions of the Prophet), "We came out with the Prophet. Only with the purpose of pilgrimage. When we finished doing tawaf and sa` i ( 'us 'here is the pilgrimage because Aisha was menstruating), then the Prophet ordered that does not bring to hadyu to tahallul. " Description Jabir ibn 'Abdillah, the most complete friend told me about the story of Prophet Hajj, more assertive again, "We are the Companions of the Prophet. Aimed purely Hajj (khalishan), does not mix with the' umrah, because we do not know Umrah! (Lasna na` Rifu l - `Umrah)." Jabir mean of course is not known 'Umrah in the pilgrimage season, "because when the Dzulhulaifah" old system "(umrah should be outside the pilgrimage season) has not been abolished by the Messenger of Allah.

Apparently the Prophet. as a wise leader waiting for the right to apply the commands of Allah in Al-Baqarah 196 so people are not surprised by the "new system" (must be accompanied Umrah Hajj). When the Prophet and his party rested at Sarif dated 3 Dhul-Hijjah before entering Mecca, he began to "socialize" the new system by announcing the pilgrimage, "Those who want to make Umrah, Umrah make hajimu be." Here the Prophet only appealed to the phrase "who want to" (man sya'a). The next day, the 4th of Dhul-Hijjah 10 Hijri (March 1 632) when all the pilgrims from all over have gathered in Mecca, and the congregation has been relaxed since been carrying out tawaf and sa `i, then the Prophet ordered the way Hajj Tamattu` those who do not carry hadyu and decreed integrated into the Umrah pilgrimage. This atmosphere also turned out to cause commotion among the friends, to the extent that the Prophet as a normal human being a little emotional to see the friends at first reluctant to "rectify" the intention to Umrah Hajj.

From the explanation above it is clear that for the Indonesian pilgrim who is certainly not a native of Mecca and should certainly not take hadyu from home (if there is interest in imitating the Prophet brought hadyu, how troublesome condition on airplanes, so most likely not allowed by the Garuda!) , there is no other choice but to carry out orders the Prophet. to take the way of Hajj Tamattu `. This applies both to the congregation the first wave (the first to Medina) and for the congregation Second Wave (direct to Mecca).