of the Prophet and Hudaibiyah

Throughout the pilgrimage period (2)

Agreement
By IRFAN ANSHORY

THEN go down the commandments of God to Abraham and Isma `il to build or renovate the Temple (House) by raising the foundation that was already there. Al-Baqarah 127 provides information: yarfa `u l-ibrahimu` ida qawa mina wa l-Baiti isma `il (Ibrahim enhance the foundation of Al-Bait with Isma` il). Because building the Temple which was founded Ibrahim and Isma `il was a cube (ka'ba in Arabic), over time the size of the house of God 10.5 x 12 x 15 meters was known as the Ka'ba.

Please note that the Prophet Abraham a.s. have a habit of making such a "standing room" for prayer (salat) face of God, who called magom (Hebrew) or the Station (Arabic). In Kana'an he could make a magom, as stated in Bereshith 19: 27, but apparently not magom preserved. In front of the Ka'ba he also made a station.

Therefore, God perpetuate the Station (a place to stand) in front of the Prophet Abraham's shrine as an inseparable part of the House. Wa min maqami Ibrahima ttakhidzu Mushalla (And take the Maqam Ibrahim as a place of prayer), as listed in Al-Baqarah 125. As a small note, for some reason the term stations (tomb) is used in the Indonesian language to mean "grave", so there are pilgrims who thought Maqam Ibrahim as a "grave of the Prophet Abraham", when he located the grave in Hebron, or Al-Khalil, West Bank areas, Palestine.

Having completed the Ka'ba was built, then dropped the command of God to Abraham to call people to perform the pilgrimage. Visit the House of Worship is called hajj in Arabic and in Hebrew hagg (Arabic letter jim ha and is identical with the Hebrew letter Heth and gimel) which means "Celebration of the Lord, the Festival of God '. Surat Al-Hajj 27 to record the word of God to Abraham: Wa adzdzin n-rice fi bi l-hajj. Ya'tuka rijalan wa `ala kulli dhamir, ya'tina min kulli fajjin` amiq (And call mankind to pilgrimage. They will come to you on foot and with any type of vehicle, coming from all over the lot).

Wa arina manasikana (And show us the procedure of pilgrimage for us), so requests to God of Abraham mentioned in Al-Baqarah 128. Therefore, God teaches procedures (Manasik) pilgrimage to the Prophet Abraham Hajj Manasik first is to ihram, it means 'forbidden' or 'purify', ie Ihram clothes and did not do Ihram restrictions. Once the pilgrims set foot in the Land of Haram (Holy Land), they have been stripped of their clothes daily and replaced it with a cloth Ihram. This is a symbol or a symbol that the man in the Temple must be willing to free themselves from all the attributes of wealth, position, and social status of people disandangkan him. In the presence of God, all men without exception the same status, namely the Servant of God.

Then the pilgrim should do wuquf (silent, jamboree) in Padang Arafah, approximately 25 km east of Mecca. This ceremony rehearsal gathering of people in Padang on the day of the Underworld Mahsyar later, once the pilgrims make "reunion" at the meeting place of Adam and Eve after the second ancestor of mankind was expelled from the Garden of Eden (Eternity Jannatu). That is why the place was named wuquf Padang Arafah, meaning 'Padang Introduction' to return humans to recognize the brotherhood as fellow son of Adam and Eve. When doing wuquf, pilgrims realize that human beings are a variety of skin colors, languages, and customs of it are blood brothers and collateral. This is in accordance with the Word of God in the Al-Hujurat 13: "O mankind, verily We have created you all from a man (Adam) and woman (Eve), then We made you into nations and tribes so that ye know each other. Verily the most honored in Allah's sight is the most god-fearing among you. Allah is Knower, Watching ".

Furthermore, the pilgrim should do thawaf, namely around the Ka'ba seven rounds. This is the dance of the cosmos, because God ordained that the universe exists only because thawaf movement. Imitate pilgrim movement of the electrons surrounding the nucleus berthawaf and the movement of planets around the sun berthawaf. Doomsday will happen when the universe thawaf stopped. The whole matter in the universe, of the particles making up atoms to the heavenly bodies, subject always to obey the divine laws that govern them. By doing human thawaf expected as part of the universe to realize that they too should be subject-obedient to the rules of God as subject-obediently entire contents of the heavens and the earth. This is in accordance with the Word of God in Alu Imran 83: "Moreover, they seek other than Allah's religion, but in Him was Islam (submission-obedience) is in the heavens and the earth, willingly or unwillingly, and unto Him they will be returned ".

After doing thawaf, pilgrims must do sa'i, imitating the Black movement back and forth seven times between the hills Safa and Marwa hills. Sa'i word means business. Apparently new Hajar Zamzam water have a gift from God after he made sa'i (business) maximum. By making people aware sa'i hoped that the success and prosperity can only be achieved through maximum effort or struggle, not by simply praying while doing nothing. This is in accordance with the Word of God in An-Najm 39-40: "That man did not get anything except what it has earned (ma sa` a), and that his business (sa `Jews) will soon be apparent.

Now we go on our history. Isma `il was married to Ra` la Mudad bint, daughter Jurhum leader told in advance. This marriage produced twelve sons of the Arab nation lose (Bani Isma `il). Their names are not mentioned in the Koran, but the complete set in Bereshith 25: 13-15. A lot of mention are the two oldest sons, Nabit (Nebayot) and Qaydhar (Kedar), because they both eventually reduce the population Quraysh tribe of Mecca. Meanwhile in Palestine, Ishaq married to Ribqah (Rebecca) and berputra Ya `qub. Ya `qub a title or Isra'il Yisra'el had twelve sons which lowers the Hebrews (Bani Isra'il).

In the beginning was the Bani Isra'il participate with their brothers Bani Isma `il perform the pilgrimage to Mecca as a fellow descendant of Prophet Abraham. But when the Arabs or the Bani Isma `il lost to the worship of idols, Bani Isra'il no longer visit the Ka'ba (Ibn Ishaq, Sirat an-Nabawiyya, h.15). However, in the Book of Psalms of Prophet David a.s. express the desire to House: "What a blessed their strength is in thee, that persistent liver pilgrimage. And when he arrived in the Valley of Baka, they make it a place where water-eyed" (Psalms 84: 5-6).

Only God knows how long the Bani Isma `il continue to uphold the doctrine of Tawheed of Abraham After several centuries, they slipped to ally God with idols. Hundreds of idols around the Ka'ba fitted with a variety of strange names: Lata, Uzza, Manat, Hubal, Asaf, Na'ilah, and who knows what else. Manasik or ceremonial pilgrimage to the ceremony also dicampurbaurkan idolatry. This situation lasted for centuries. However, finally it's time to prayer Abraham granted, the prayer that he goes to God when he founded the Ka'ba: "Our Lord, Restore to them a Messenger from among them, who will recite to them His verses and teach them thy Book and Wisdom and purify them. Thou Blessed Mighty, Wise "(Al-Baqarah 129).

In answer to the prayer of the Prophet Ibrahim a.s. is, God raised a man from the Quraysh tribe named Muhammad PBUH. (shalla l-lahu `alayhi wa sallam, the honor of God for him and peace) as the Last Prophet and Messenger who continued and perfected the teachings of all previous Prophets and Messengers. He was born in 571, received the first revelation in 610, emigrated to Medina in 622, and died in 632. Age of 61.5 years according to his chronicle syamsiyah (solar calendar) or 63 years according to the lunar chronicle (calendar months). We will only discuss the journey of life of the Prophet Muhammad. regarding the Hajj ceremony.

In the year 625 (4th Hijri), God determined that the Shari'a pilgrims from Abraham should be carried out by Muslims, with the decline in verse: "And the duty to God over men for pilgrimage to the House, for those who are able to travel there. Those who deny the obligation hajj, Allah is Rich of all nature" (Ali Imran 97). This verse asserts that the Hajj is required "for those who are able to travel there" (man `a ilayhi istatha Sabila), which is capable of in terms of physical (health), financial (a cost), and security (secure no interference). That is why the Prophet Muhammad. pilgrimage new year 10 Hijri (632 AD), three months before he died and six years after the above verse was revealed. When the order was revealed by Allah hajj, Mecca was controlled by the polytheists who were hostile to Muslims in Medina. A few months before the order came down hajj took place the battle of Uhud (3 Hijri), and the year before (2 Hijri) occurred the Battle of Badr, and then at 5 years occurred Hijri Trench War. Such conditions certainly did not allow for the Prophet Muhammad. and his companions to perform the pilgrimage.

However, the Messenger of Allah. ordered the friends who are able, particularly the Ansar (natives of Medina) are not recognized by the people of Mecca, to perform the pilgrimage according to Manasik Prophet Abraham and not doing things related to idolatry. When he returned from pilgrimage, Ansar people are reported to the Prophet that they do sa'i with doubt because of the mas `a (lane sa` i) between Safa and Marwa are two big idols and Na'ilah Asaf. Therefore, go down the revelation of God, namely Al-Baqarah 158: Inna shafa wa sh-l-Marwata a'iri min sha `l-Lah. Fa man hajja l-aw baita tamara i `fa` alayhi He's junaha bi yaththawwafa hima. Wa man tathawwa `a khairan fa-inna l Laha syakirun` alim ( 'Verily Safa and Marwa part of syi `ar` ar-syi God. Whoever pilgrimage to the House or visit (Umrah), is not wrong for him to go back and forth on both. And whoever added goodness, Allah is Oft-responder Gratitude, Knowing '). This verse is often read later by pilgrims while performing sa `i.

In April 628 (Dzulqa `dah 6 Hijri) the Messenger of Allah. a dream fulfilled Umrah (the visit) to Mecca and invite friends to realize the dream. Prophet 1500 was accompanied by friends went to Mecca, wearing ihram clothes and carrying qurban animals. The Quraysh polytheists deployed to prevent that group from Medina stuck in Hudaibiyah, 20 km to the northwest of Makkah.

The Quraysh sent Suhail ibn Amr to negotiate with the Prophet. Suhail proposed, among others, the truce agreement and the Muslims had to postpone a return to umrah Medina, but next year given the freedom to do 'Umrah and stay for three days in Mecca. Messenger approve this agreement even though the friends are disappointed many, but no one dared to oppose their Master's decision.

At first sight the agreement seems to harm the Muslims, but it is politically advantageous. "Hudaibiyah Agreement" is one milestone in the history of Islam, because for the first time the tribe of Quraysh in Mecca recognize the sovereignty of the Muslims in Medina. On the way back to Medina, Allah's revelation came down in Al-Fath 27: "Truly Allah will fulfill his dream messengers with truth, that you would be entering the Masjid al-Haram in safety, God willing. You will shave your head or cutting hair (complete umrah) to not feel afraid. He knows what you do not know, and he made other than a near victory ".

In accordance with the Treaty of Hudaibiyah, next year (or 629 in March Dzulqa `dah 7 Hijri) the Messenger of Allah. and his friends for the first time to perform umrah House. When the Prophet entourage totaling approximately 2,000 people entered the court to do tawaf Ka'ba, Mecca people gathered on the hill watching Qubais by screaming that the Muslims looked tired and certainly not strong around seven rounds. Hearing this mockery, he said to the congregation, "Let us show them that we are strong. We are open right shoulder of ihram cloth, and we do thawaf to run!"

After kissing the Black Stone, the Messenger of Allah. and the friends begin tawaf by running around the Ka'ba so that the scoffers eventually disband. In the fourth round after being nosy people on the hill Qubais go, the Prophet asked his companions stopped running and running as usual. This is the background of some of the sunna tawaf later: open right shoulder (idhthiba ') as well as jogging on a special three first round on the first taw.

Completed seven rounds, the Messenger of Allah. Prayer two cycles at Maqam Ibrahim, and drinking Zamzam water. After that the Prophet had done sa `i between Safa and Marwa, and finally did tahallul ( 'justifies the back') or to free themselves from the restrictions ihram, by having his head shaved Khirasy. When entered duhur time, the Messenger of Allah. Bilal ibn Rabah had climbed to the roof of the shrine to chant the call to prayer.

Bilal call to prayer echoed throughout so people gathered in the direction of Mecca "strange voices" for the first time they heard. Mushrikeen see how neat rows in ranks of the Muslims who were praying in congregation. That day, 17 Dzulqa `dah 7 Hijri (March 17, 629), for the first time the call to prayer resounded in Makkah and Prophet Muhammad a priest praying in front of the Ka'ba!